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? 2006 microchip technology inc. ds21358c-page 1 tc1121 features: ? optional high-frequency operation allows use of small capacitors ? low operating current (fc = gnd): -50 a ? high output current (100 ma) ? converts a 2.4v to 5.5v input voltage to a corresponding negative output voltage (inverter mode) ? uses only 2 capacitors; no inductors required ? selectable oscillator frequency: - 10 khz to 200 khz ? power-saving shutdown input ? available in 8-pin msop, 8-pin pdip and 8-pin small outline (soic) packages applications: ? laptop computers ? medical instruments ?disk drives ? p-based controllers ? process instrumentation device selection table package type general description: the tc1121 is a charge pump converter with 100 ma output current capability. it converts a 2.4v to 5.5v input to a corresponding negative output voltage. as with all charge pump converters, the tc1121 uses no inductors saving cost, size and emi. an on-board oscillator operates at a typical frequency of 10 khz (at v + = 5v) when the frequency control input (fc) is connected to ground. the oscillator frequency increases to 200 khz when fc is connected to v + , allowing the use of smaller capacitors. operation at sub-10 khz frequencies results in lower quiescent nscurrent and is accomplished with the addition of an external capacitor from osc (pin 7) to ground. the tc1121 also can be driven from an external clock nsconnected osc. typical supply current at 10 khz is 50 a, and falls to less than 1 a when the shutdown input is brought low, whether the internal or an external clock is used. the tc1121 is available in 8-pin soic, msop and pdip packages. part number package operating temp. range tc1121coa 8-pin soic 0c to +70c tc1121cpa 8-pin pdip 0c to +70c tc1121cua 8-pin msop 0c to +70c tc1121eoa 8-pin soic -40c to +85c tc1121epa 8-pin pdip -40c to +85c tc1121eua 8-pin msop -40c to +85c tc1121coa tc1121eoa tc1121cua tc1121eua shdn fc cap + cap ? 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 gnd osc v + 8-pin soic 8-pin msop v out tc1121cpa tc1121epa shdn fc cap + cap ? 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 gnd osc v + 8-pin pdip v out 100ma charge pump voltage converter with shutdown
tc1121 ds21358c-page 2 ? 2006 microchip technology inc. functional block diagram shdn tc1121 osc control fc osc gnd v + v out switch matrix rc oscillator logic circuits c2 cap + c1 cap ? + ? +
? 2006 microchip technology inc. ds21358c-page 3 tc1121 1.0 electrical characteristics absolute maximum ratings* supply voltage (v dd ) ............................................... 6v osc, fc, shdn input voltage .....-0.3v to (v + + 0.3v) output short circuit duration ........................... 10 sec. package power dissipation (t a 70c) 8-pin pdip .............................................. 730 mw 8-pin soic .............................................. 470 mw 8-pin msop ............................................ 333 mw operating temperature range c suffix............................................ 0c to +70c e suffix......................................... -40c to +85c storage temperature range.............. -65c to +150c *stresses above those listed under ?absolute maximum ratings? may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. tc1121 electrical specifications electrical characteristics: t a = 0c to 70c (c suffix), -40c to +85c (e suffix), v + = 5v 10% c osc = open, c1, c2 = 10 f, fc = v + , shdn = v ih , typical values are at t a = 25c unless otherwise noted. symbol parameter min typ max units test conditions i dd active supply current ? ? 50 0.6 100 1 a ma r l = open, fc = open or gnd r l = open, fc = v + i shutdown shutdown supply current ? 0.2 1.0 ashdn = 0v v + supply voltage 2.4 ? 5.5 v v ih shdn input logic high v dd x 0.8 ? ? v v il shdn input logic low ? ? 0.4 v i in input leakage current -1 -4 ? ? 1 4 ashdn , osc fc pin r out output source resistance ? 12 20 i out = 60 ma i out output current 60 100 v out = more negative than -3.75v f osc oscillator frequency 5 100 10 200 ? ? khz pin 7 open, pin 1 open or gnd shdn = v ih , pin 1 = v + p eff power efficiency ? 93 94 ? ? 97 97 92 ? ? ? % fc = gnd for all r l = 2k between v + and v out r l = 1k between v out and gnd i l = 60 ma to gnd v eff voltage conversion efficiency 99 99.9 ? % r l = open note 1: connecting any input terminal to voltages greater than v + or less than gnd may cause destructive latch-up. it is recommended that no inputs from sources operating from external supplies be applied prior to ?power up? of the tc1121.
tc1121 ds21358c-page 4 ? 2006 microchip technology inc. 2.0 pin descriptions the descriptions of the pins are listed in table 2-1. table 2-1: pin function table pin no. (8-pin msop, pdip, soic) symbol description 1 fc frequency control for internal oscillator, fc = open, f osc = 10 khz typ; fc = v + , f osc = 200 khz typ; fc has no effect when osc pin is driven externally. 2cap + charge-pump capacitor, positive terminal. 3 gnd power-supply ground input. 4cap ? charge-pump capacitor, negative terminal. 5 out output, negative voltage. 6 shdn shutdown. 7 osc oscillator control input. an external capacitor can be added to slow the oscillator. take care to minimize stray capacitance. an external oscillator also may be connected to overdrive osc. 8v + power-supply positive voltage input.
? 2006 microchip technology inc. ds21358c-page 5 tc1121 3.0 applications 3.1 negative voltage converter the tc1121 is typically used as a charge-pump voltage inverter. c1 and c2 are the only two external capacitors used in the operating circuit (figure 3-1). figure 3-1: charge pump inverter the tc1121 is not sensitive to load current changes, although its output is not actively regulated. a typical output source resistance of 11.8 means that an input of +5v results in -5v output voltage under light load, and only decreases to -3.8v typ with a 100 ma load. the supplied output current is from capacitor c2 during one-half the charge-pump cycle. this results in a peak-to-peak ripple of: v ripple = i out /2(f pump ) (c2) + i out (esr c2 ) where f pump is 5 khz (one half the nominal 10 khz oscillator frequency), and c2 = 150 f with an esr of 0.2 , ripple is about 90 mv with a 100 ma load current. if c2 is raised to 390 f, the ripple drops to 45 mv. 3.2 changing oscillator frequency the tc1121?s clock frequency is controlled by four modes: table 3-1: oscillator frequency modes the oscillator runs at 10 khz (typical) when fc and osc are not connected. the oscillator frequency is lowered by connecting a capacitor between osc and gnd, but fc can still multiply the frequency by 20 times in this mode. an external clock source that swings within 100 mv of v + and gnd may overdrive osc in the inverter mode. osc can be driven by any cmos logic output. when osc is overdriven, fc has no effect. note that the frequency of the signal appearing at cap + and cap ? is half that of the oscillator. in addition, by lowering the oscillator frequency, the effective output resistance of the charge-pump increases. to compensate for this, the value of the charge-pump capacitors may be increased. because the 5 khz output ripple frequency may be low enough to interfere with other circuitry, the oscillator frequency can be increased with the use of the fc pin or an external oscillator. the output ripple frequency is half the selected oscillator frequency. although the tc1121?s quiescent current will increase if the clock frequency is increased, it allows smaller capacitance values to be used for c1 and c2. 3.3 capacitor selection in addition to load current, the following factors affect the tc1121 output voltage drop from its ideal value 1) output resistance, 2) pump (c1) and reservoir (c2) capacitor esrs and 3) c1 and c2 capacitance. the voltage drop is the load current times the output resistance. the loss in c2 is the load current times c2?s esr; c1?s loss is larger because it handles currents greater than the load current during charge-pump operation. therefore, the voltage drop due to c1 is about four times c1?s esr multiplied by the load current, and a low (or high) esr capacitor has a greater impact on performance for c1 than for c2. in general, as the tc1121?s pump frequency increases, capacitance values needed to maintain comparable ripple and output resistance diminish proportionately. 4 36 7 8 5 2 1 c1 c2 2.4v to 5.5v v out tc1121 gnd osc cap + cap ? fc v out v in shdn *shdn should be tied to v in if not used. shdn* + ? + ? fc osc oscillator frequency open open 10 khz fc = v + open 200 khz open or fc = v + external capacitor see typical operating characteristics open external clock external clock frequency
tc1121 ds21358c-page 6 ? 2006 microchip technology inc. 3.4 cascading devices to produce greater negative magnitudes of the initial supply voltage, the tc1121 may be cascaded (see figure 3-2). resulting output resistance is approxi- mately equal to the sum of individual tc1121 r out values. the output voltage (where n is an integer representing the number of devices cascaded) is defined by v out = -n (v in ). 3.5 paralleling devices to reduce output resistance, multiple tc1121s may be paralleled (see figure 3-3). each device needs a pump capacitor c1, but the reservoir capacitor c2 serves all devices. the value of c2 should be increased by a factor of n (the number of devices). figure 3-2: cascading tc1121s to increase output voltage figure 3-3: paralleling tc1121s to reduce output resistance c1 c1n 4 4 3 2 3 5 8 8 7 5 2 c2 v in + c2n tc1121 tc1121 gnd gnd osc osc cap + cap + cap ? cap ? fc fc shdn v out v out v in v out v in shdn shdn* shdn* ?1? ?n? + + + + *shdn should be tied to v in if not used. c1 c1n 4 4 3 2 3 5 8 8 7 5 2 c2 v + in tc1121 tc1121 gnd gnd osc osc cap + cap + cap ? cap ? fc fc shdn v out v out v in v in shdn shdn* shdn* *shdn should be tied to v in if not used. ?1? ?n? + + + 7 osc r out = r out (of tc1121)/n(number of devices)
? 2006 microchip technology inc. ds21358c-page 7 tc1121 3.6 combined positive supply multiplication and negative voltage conversion figure 3-4 shows this dual function circuit, in which capacitors c1 and c2 perform pump and reservoir functions to generate negative voltage. capacitors c3 and c4 are the respective capacitors for multiplied positive voltage. this particular configuration leads to higher source impedances of the generated supplies due to the finite impedance of the common charge-pump driver. figure 3-4: combined positive multiplier and negative converter c1 d1 d2 d1, d2 = 1n4148 4 3 6 8 5 2 c2 c4 c3 v in + v out = ( 2v in ) ? (v fd1 ) ? (v fd2 ) tc1121 gnd osc cap + cap ? fc shdn v out v in shdn* v out = v in ? *shdn should be tied to v in if not used. + + + +
tc1121 ds21358c-page 8 ? 2006 microchip technology inc. 4.0 packaging information 4.1 package marking information package marking data not available at this time. 4.2 taping form component taping orientation for 8-pin msop devices package carrier width (w) pitch (p) part per full reel reel size 8-pin msop 12 mm 8 mm 2500 13 in carrier tape, number of components per reel and reel size pin 1 user direction of feed standard reel component orientation for 713 suffix device w p component taping orientation for 8-pin soic (narrow) devices package carrier width (w) pitch (p) part per full reel reel size 8-pin soic (n) 12 mm 8 mm 2500 13 in carrier tape, number of components per reel and reel size standard reel component orientation for 713 suffix device pin 1 user direction of feed p w
? 2006 microchip technology inc. ds21358c-page 9 tc1121 4.3 package dimensions 8-pin msop .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .043 (1.10) max. .006 (0.15) .002 (0.05) .016 (0.40) .010 (0.25) .197 (5.00) .189 (4.80) .008 (0.20) .005 (0.13) .028 (0.70) .016 (0.40) 6 max. .026 (0.65) typ. pin 1 dimensions: inches (mm) 3 min. pin 1 .260 (6.60) .240 (6.10) .045 (1.14) .030 (0.76) .070 (1.78) .040 (1.02) .400 (10.16) .348 (8.84) .200 (5.08) .140 (3.56) .150 (3.81) .115 (2.92) .110 (2.79) .090 (2.29) .022 (0.56) .015 (0.38) .040 (1.02) .020 (0.51) .015 (0.38) .008 (0.20) .310 (7.87) .290 (7.37) .400 (10.16) .310 (7.87) 8-pin plastic dip dimensions: inches (mm)
tc1121 ds21358c-page 10 ? 2006 microchip technology inc. package dimensions (continued) .050 (1.27) typ. 8 max. pin 1 .244 (6.20) .228 (5.79) .157 (3.99) .150 (3.81) .197 (5.00) .189 (4.80) .020 (0.51) .013 (0.33) .010 (0.25) .004 (0.10) .069 (1.75) .053 (1.35) .010 (0.25) .007 (0.18) .050 (1.27) .016 (0.40) 8-pin soic dimensions: inches (mm)
? 2006 microchip technology inc. ds21358c-page 11 tc1121 the microchip web site microchip provides online support via our www site at www.microchip.com. this web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. accessible by using your favorite internet browser, the web site contains the following information: ? product support ? data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user?s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software ? general technical support ? frequently asked questions (faq), technical support requests, online discussion groups, microchip consultant program member listing ? business of microchip ? product selector and ordering guides, latest microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives customer change notification service microchip?s customer notification service helps keep customers current on microchip products. subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest. to register, access the microchip web site at www.microchip.com, click on customer change notification and follow the registration instructions. customer support users of microchip products can receive assistance through several channels: ? distributor or representative ? local sales office ? field application engineer (fae) ? technical support ? development systems information line customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer (fae) for support. local sales offices are also available to help customers. a listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document. technical support is available through the web site at: http://support.microchip.com
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